Draft drawings constructive solutions of checkpoint
Our project engineering organization has completed the design of reconstruction of the cash pavilion section of design solutions of constructive section. Made design and construction works, developed stage P.
PROJECT DOCUMENTATION CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTIONS
2. The project adopted the following initial data:
- the calculated value of the weight of snow cover for the ill area - 180 kg / m2;
- the standard value of wind pressure for the I wind region - 23 kg / m2;
- estimated winter outdoor temperature - -28 ° C;
Level of responsibility - II.
The degree of fire resistance of the building - II.
Constructive fire hazard class - CO.
Functional fire hazard - F 5.1.
3. Pavilion -1 floor, heated.
Constructive decisions
4. The frame of the building is made in brick walls. Reinforced concrete coating plates.
Basic design positions and loads
5. Calculation of structures produced in strict accordance with the requirements:
- SP 20.13330.2011 "Loads and Impacts";
- SP 16.13330.2011 "Steel structures";
6. Construction and installation work must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements:
- SP 20.13330.2011 "Loads and Impacts",
- SP 22.13330.2011 "Foundations of buildings and structures";
- SP 45.13330.2012 "Earthworks, foundations and foundations";
- SP 63.13330.2012 "Concrete and reinforced concrete structures";
- SP 50-101-2004 "Design and construction of foundations and foundations of buildings and structures";
- SP 52-101-2003 "Concrete and reinforced concrete structures without prior reinforcement voltage";
- JV 70.13330.2012 "Bearing and enclosing structures";
- SNiP 12-03-2001, part 1 "Safety of labor in construction";
- SNiP 12-04-2002, part 2 "Safety of labor in construction";
- the project of production of works (PPR) developed by the specialized organization;
Requirements for the manufacture and installation of monolithic reinforced concrete structures
7. In the case of use in the construction of this object new, incl. imported materials, products, structures and technologies, in accordance with the decree of the Gosstroy of Russia N 76 of July 01, 2002, they must have a Technical Certificate of the Gosstroy of Russia confirming the suitability of their use in construction.
8. To ensure the discharge of storm water from the construction site, during the construction of the foundations.
9. Delivery, laying, compaction of concrete, reinforcement, welding, tolerances, control during the work should be carried out in accordance with the project and SNiP 3.03.01-87.
10. Concreting of structures to conduct continuously with the obligatory vibration of concrete in accordance with SNiP 3.03.01-87 "Bearing and enclosing structures." When concreting structures, the laboratory should constantly monitor the quality of concrete.
11. By the time of stripping, the strength of concrete of unloaded monolithic structures should not be less than:
- vertical - from the condition of preservation of the form of 0.2-0.3 MPa;
- horizontal and inclined: - with a span of up to 6 m - 70% of the design;
- when flying over 6m - 80% of the project.
12. Welding of fittings should be carried out in accordance with GOST 14098-91 "Connections welded reinforcement and embedded products of reinforced concrete structures. Types, structures, dimensions."
13. The compliance of the location of the valve with its design position should be ensured by installing special clamps.
14. Reinforcing steel (bar, wire) and long products, reinforcing products and embedded elements must comply with the project and the requirements of the relevant standards. Replacement of reinforcement steel provided for by the project must be agreed with the customer and the design organization.
15. Concrete mixes should be laid in concreted structures with horizontal layers of the same thickness without breaks, with a consistent direction of laying in one direction in all layers.
16. When compacting the concrete mix, vibrators are not supported on reinforcement and embedded products, cords and other formwork fasteners. The depth of immersion of a deep vibrator in the concrete mix should ensure its deepening into the previously laid layer by 5-10 cm.
17. Laying the next layer of concrete mix is allowed before the concrete begins to set in the previous layer.
18. The duration of the break between the laying of adjacent layers of concrete mix without the formation of a working seam is established by the construction laboratory. The upper level of the laid concrete mixture should be 50-70 mm below the top of the formwork panels.
19. Under the base of steel metal columns to perform a gravy of concrete B 25 on the fine-grained aggregate. Perform monolithing of the top of the column bases.
Concreting at negative temperatures
20. All construction and installation work in winter conditions must be carried out in compliance with the relevant sections of the building codes and other regulatory documents, as well as on the basis of the approved project for the production of works.
21. Winter conditions for work are determined by the average daily outdoor temperature of +5 ° C and below, as well as the minimum daily temperature - 0 ° C and below.
DESIGN
22. These instructions provide general information about the methods of performing work in winter conditions.
23. The quality of materials used in winter conditions (brick, mortar, concrete), regardless of passports for them, should be systematically monitored by laboratory tests.
24. Materials whose quality does not meet the requirements of the project are not allowed to use.
25. Installation of reinforced concrete and concrete structures is allowed to be done on a non-frozen basis with protection against freezing both during the production of works and after their completion. The time lag between the final layout and the installation of foundations should not exceed 1.5-2 hours. Sinus filling should be done with medium-grained sand after waterproofing.
26. Preparation of concrete mix should be carried out in heated concrete mixing plants, using heated water, thawed or heated aggregates, providing concrete mix with a given temperature. Allowed to use unheated dry aggregates that do not contain ice on the grains and frozen lumps. At the same time, the duration of mixing of the concrete mix should be increased by no less than 25% compared with summer conditions.
27. Transportation methods and means must ensure that the temperature of the concrete mix does not fall below the calculated one. The recommended method of concreting and curing the concrete mixture in the formwork - preheating the mixture, induction heating, heating in the heating formwork.
28. The minimum air temperature during concreting is from -15 ° C to -25 ° C, depending on the heating method. The temperature of the concrete mix, laid in the formwork, to the beginning of aging - not less than + 5 ° C.
29. The strength of concrete monolithic and prefabricated monolithic structures by the time of freezing should be at least 70%.
30. Small seals should be made of concrete with electric heating or of brick of a grade not lower than M100. When installing precast concrete structures on a solution, lay and level the solution immediately before installing the structures into place, having previously cleaned the surfaces of the structure's joints from snow and ice. Installation on a layer of frozen mortar or concrete is prohibited.
31. Monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete work must be carried out in accordance with the projects of works or technical maps, which should include:
a) methods and temperature-humidity regimes of curing and heating of concrete;
b) methods for insulating formwork and open surfaces of structures and covering the latter with waterproof materials;
c) data on the expected increase in concrete strength and adopted temperatures and curing conditions;
d) the timing and procedure for stripping and loading structures. The strength of the concrete of monolithic structures and the monolithic part of prefabricated monolithic structures by the time of freezing or cooling below the design temperatures must be specified in the design of works in accordance with SNiP 3.03.01-87.
32. The brand of concrete or mortar for sealing joints and joints, subjected to heating or heating, should be increased by one step compared with the design. Welding at temperatures up to -30 ° C should be carried out according to the usual technology, but at the same time, the welding current should be increased by 1% when the temperature drops below 0 ° C for every 2.5 - 3 ° C.
33. When concreting at negative outdoor temperatures, use concrete with antifreeze additives.
34. The use of additives is prohibited:
- corrosive reinforcement and inserts (additives containing chloride salts);
- reducing the protective properties of concrete in relation to steel reinforcement;
- increasing the tendency to corrosion cracking;
- contributing to the formation of efflorescence.
35. As antifreeze additives can be used:
- the antifrosty additives given in pril.8 SNiP 3.03.01-87 (NKM, NO, P);
- Additives of the series Cryoplast, produced by the company OJSC "Polyplast";
Glenium 150, Rheobuiid 181 A, Scalnit 50, Winterfliessmittel 578, supplied by BASF.
36. When concreting at negative outdoor temperatures, accelerated increase in concrete strength is achieved by electric heating.
37. Before laying the concrete mix, the reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures must be insulated to a height of not less than 0.5 m.
Metal constructions
38. Calculation of structures produced in accordance with SP 20.13330.2011. “Loads and Impacts”, SP 16.13330.2011. "Steel structures".
39. Steel structures: - С245 steel according to GOST 27772-88.
40. Welded connections. Welding materials corresponding to steel.
41. The minimum size and shape of the corner seams in section 14.1.7 and Table 38 of the joint venture 16.13330.2011.
42. Factory seams of all elements are performed by automatic and semi-automatic welding in carbon dioxide atmosphere, electrodes according to GOST 9467-75, type E42, E50.
Assembly seams are made by hand welding.
43. Bolts and nuts must meet the requirements of GOST 1759.0-87 - 1759,5-87, washers are the requirements of GOST 181233-82.
44. Connections on bolts without controlled tension. Bolts of accuracy class "B" in accordance with GOST 7798-70 of strength class indicated on sheets in accordance with GOST 1759.4-87. Nuts - according to GOST 5915-70. Round washers - according to GOST 11371-78, spring washers - according to GOST 6402-70.
Bolts and nuts must meet the requirements of GOST 1759.0-87 - 1759,5-87, washers - requirements of GOST 181233-82.
Permanent bolt nuts must be secured against self-loosening:
- in the cut-off joints - setting the spring washer;
- in tensile joints - by setting the lock nut.
In the bases of columns and elements with vertical bolts, a lock nut is installed.
In beams and other elements with horizontally mounted permanent bolts-spring washer.
45. Manufacture and installation of steel structures to produce in accordance with the requirements of:
- GOST 23118-99 "Steel construction structures. General specifications"
- SP 53-101-98 "Production and quality control of steel building structures"
- SNiP 3.03.01-87 "Bearing and enclosing structures".
-technical conditions of the organization developing the outage.
46. Installation of structures should be carried out according to the approved project of production of installation works.
47. All mounting fixtures, tacks, temporary fixtures after the installation should be removed, and the welding points cleaned.
48. Preparation of metal structures before painting to produce in accordance with GOST 9.402-80. The surfaces of metal structures to be prepared before painting should not have burrs, welding spatters, burn-throughs, flux residues. 21. Metal surfaces must have a third degree of oxide cleaning and a first degree of degreasing according to GOST 9.402-80. To clean the surface from oxides to produce a shot-blasting (shot-blasting) treatment or mechanical tools using abrasive wheels or grinding skins.
49. All metalwork at the factory must be primed in a single layer with primer GF-021 (GOST 25129-82).
50. In assembly joints and assemblies, as well as in places where the paint is damaged by metal structures after all installation work is completed, they must be cleaned and primed with GF-021 primer.
51. In the production of works guided by the requirements:
- SNiP 3.04.03-85 "Protection of building structures and facilities from corrosion."
- GOST 12.3.005-75 "Painting works. General safety requirements".
- GOST 12.3.016-87 "Construction. Anticorrosion works. Safety requirements."
Measures to protect the soil base from freezing
At the construction period: H
52. To prevent soil freezing during construction in the winter,
the foundation under the basement base follows:)
protect from moisture from surface water; h
timely fill with soil of the pit of the pit; )
to warm the foundations with heat-insulating materials or soil.
53. To protect the foundation soils from moisture, the built-up site for the structure (should)
before the foundation is set up, it is enclosed by highland ditches, carefully planned, with the installation of surface ditches, trays (drains). for the period of operation:)
54. To prevent soil freezing, during operation during the winter period,
the project provides:
device of warming the surface layer of soil around the foundations with a layer)
effective insulation. the device under the base plate of a non-rocky sand-gravel layer. ) y - maintaining a positive temperature in the room. )