Cooling and heating system
Shop drawings of cooling and heating system has been made.
Cooling and heating system
Working design
The technical decisions accepted in the working design, correspond to the requirements of ecological, sanitary - hygienic, fire-prevention and other norms of Russian Federation, and provide safe for life of the people, operation of object at observance of the measures, stipulated by working drawings. The present part is performed on basic of design stage "P“, tender documentation, fire-fighting technical conditions and heat supply technical condition.
All building systems should be installed in accordance with requirements of B5 3974 and SNP 3105.01-85 Internal sanitary systems, and accordance with recommendation and requirements of equipment manufacturers.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE BUILDING
Designed project has gross area 50000 m2 and consists of two buildings 3 and 2 floors above ground and 2 underground floors. Underground floors are meant for a car parking for 253 cars, tenant area, restaurant and plantrooms. Level +1 will locate: retail areas, transformer substation, 2 entrances to the underground car parking, administrative premises. The central part of the building locates an atrium with the maximum height of 2 levels, which has a sloping translucent roof. At levels +2 to +9 office areas are planned.
The building is made of RC structures with girderless slabs and partially brick partitions. The above ground part has a multi-level roof, therefore the total area of the floors is reduced depending on the level.
HEAT SUPPLY
The heat supply source of the Multifunctional complex is city teat mans with design parameters of the MTHW 150°C-70°. Central heating plantroom is located h the building at level -3,65. The working project of central heating plantroom is designed by specialized company as a dedicated package. Heating systems are connected by an independent two-circuit scheme through demountable plate heat exchangers the individual heating substation.
Heat supply equipment is located in the individual heating substation, i.e. heat exchangers (+ 100% reserve) pumps (+ 100% reserve) with inverters, expansion vessels, isolating and balancing valves, automate regulation valves.
Independent groups of heat exchangers for next consumers are provided:
- Heating system (90°C-70°C/ 60°C-40°C),
- Heat supply system for Add and at curtains (95°C-70°C),
- Hot water supply system (5°C-60°C).
HEATING
Retail and office areas shall be provided with a LTHW heating system. The heating system is designed as two-ppe with low distribution and dead-end (partially one way) water flow. For making possible the regulation of release of the required amount of heat, independent circuits of the heating systems are provided for the following consumers:
7 stories building (floors +1.....+7)
9 stories building (floors +1.....+9)
Administrative area (floor +1)
Administrative area (door -1)
restaurant areas (floor -1)
LTHW parameters are 90°C-70°C for radiator and convector beating system, 60°C-40°C for FCU heating system. Steel panel radiators and low profile floor type convectors are used as heating devices. Radiators and convectors are complete with thermostat, isolating and regulating and at vent valves. A available stat pressure for FCU heating system the tenants area is calculated 60 kPa. The warm at heating system with fan heaters shall be used h the underground car parking as the man heating system with possibility zone temperature control and energy saving at night period.
The warm at heating system combined with ventilation and at conditioning system shall be used h the atrium as the man heating system. Atrium at handing unit shall be completed with reserve heating coil and reserve motor to ensure uninterrupted operation of warm at heating systems. All risers and extensive branches should be provided with balancing valves. All top points should be provided with at vents, and bottom points - with (tan cocks. Isolating valves stall be installed at all risers and long branches for maintenance works.
All pipework of man lines is designed of: DN<=40mm - steel pipes in accordance with G0ST 3262-85 (normal width of pipe wall) and DN>=50mm - steel pipes in accordance with G0ST 10704-91. All pipes should be painted with two layers for prevention of corrosion, thermally insulated and marked. Heating system pipework located in the false floor is designed of polyethylene pipes "Wirsbo-evalPEX". Pipes in the false flexor should be thermally insulated. Water leakage sensors should be provided in the false floor void.
Air heating units and air curtains heat supply
Heat supply systems serve fan heaters and at handing units and supply units with the temperature chart 95°C-70°C. Each supply unit is connected to the heat supply system, using a two-port valve with an electric actuator. First stages of heating of AHUs are connected using local circulation pumps to prevent frosting of at-and-water heat exchanger. Second heating cots of AHUs with humidifiers are also supplied with two-port valve with an electric actuator for supply at temperature control.
Electrical warm curtains are designed above the central entrances. LTHW warm-at curtains are designed above enframes to the car park. LTHW warm at curtains should be connected to the heat supply system of AHU supply units and should be equipped with two-port valves with an electric actuator and pimps. The operation of two-port valves shoud be monitored by the at temperature sensor, return water temperature and be interlocked with the door. Temperature sensors of warm at curtains should be installed for the temperature the car park entrance areas +10 °C (h the lobbies to - the +16 °C).
All risers and long tranches should be provided with balancing valves. All top points should be provided with at vents, and bottom points - with (tan cocks. Mating valves shall be installed at all risers and long branches for maintenance works. All pipework of man lines is designed of: DN<=40mm - steel pipes to accordance with GOST 3262-85 (normal width of pipe wait) and DN>=50mm - steel pipes in accordance with GOST Ю704-91. All pipes should be panted with two layers for prevention of corrosion, thermally instated (see testation fable) and marked.
HOT WATER SUPPLY
Hot water supply system is dedicated for supply of water for domestic and production needs (washing, denting of technological rooms). The water supply source is the dumbest and potable water supply system. Hot water supply system is designed with heat exchangers for public services areas and public catering facilities.
Each area is provided with a two-step hot water supply system. As a first stage [date demountable heat exchanges are provided, as a second stage - storage heat exchangers with electric heaters for the possibility of use the period of maintenance of city heating mans. Total volume of storage heat exchangers is 14m3, total electrical load is 450 kW. (Materials, design flows and required heads are given in the Plumbing section “PH").
COOLING
For cooing supply of AHUs, as well as fan coil units, independent chilled water plantrooms of the coding supply system are designed for the various building parts:
9 stories building (floors -1, +1.....+9)
7 stories building (floors -1, +1.....+9)
For cooling systems of multifunctional complex two chiller plants with air cooled chillers are provided on the roof of 9 and 7 floors. For the possibility of cooling supply of tenants in the cold period of year, the installation of dry coolers connected in parallel with chillers is provided. The cooled water system plantroom, located h the technical areas on the 7 and 9 floors - heat exchangers (for preparation of secondary chilled wafer - clear water 7/12 °C) pumps (both primary and secondary circuits) expansion vessels and alt the necessary regulating and isolating valves. Primary chilled water is a water / ethylene glycol solution of the concentration fitting the external parameters "Б" for Moscow (mb. 45%, by volume) 5/10 °C.
Chilled water pumps are supplied with inverters for maintaining constant pressure (The basement plantroom floor shall be provided with floor galleys. Each at handling unit shall be fitted with a two-port valve with an electric actuator at the return pipework for the possibility of automatic control of temperature of supply at. All office areas, retail areas, halls, auxiliary areas of the restaurant shall be equipped with fan cot units for maintaining optimum temperatures in the warm period of year. The areas, which should be provided with at conditioning systems, but where installation of fan col units is not possible, shall be provided with at conditioning systems by means of AHUs.
A available pressure in the tenants area is calculated 70 kPa. All pipe works should have thermal insulation with a humidity barrier to prevent condensate forming. All risers and long branches should be provided with balancing valves. All tap pants should be provided with at vents, and with drain cocks. Isolating valves stall be installed at all risers and long branches for maintenance works. Dispatcher, server room, lift motor roans shall be provided with independent cooling supply systems (multi-split systems) far the possibility of round-the-clock use, at minimum power inputs. Compressor of split system is located on the roof.
For tenants area (2-9 floors) an additional dedicated cooling system for serving condenser of water coded split systems of server rooms. In the technical areas of chilled water plantrooms also located the heat exchangers (for preparation of secondary chilled water - clear water 38/43 °C) pumps (both primary and secondary circuits) expansion vessels and all the necessary regulating and isolating valves. Primary chilled water is a water / ethylene glycol solution of the concentration fitting the external parameters “Б" for Moscow (mb. 45% by volume) 40/45°C.
Technical parameters of coding systems of 7 stories building
Type of system - at coded chilling machine (3 No)
Cooling power - 3 No x 700 kW
Primary chilled water - glycol solution 45% 4°C - 10°C
Secondary chilled water - water 7°C- 120C
Dry cooling towers - 2 No x 700 kW( Text. = -5°C)
Dry cooling towers for server reams -2 No x 150 kW ( Text. = +30°C)
Technical parameters of cooling systems of 7 stories building.
Туре of system - at cooled chilling machine (3 No)
Cooling power - 3 No x 1400 kW
All pipework of main lines is designed of: DN<=40mm - steel pipes in accordance with GOST 3262-85 (normal width of pipe wall) and DN>=50mm - steel pipes in accordance with GOST 10704-91. All pipes should be panted with two layers for prevention of corrosion, thermally insulated (see insulation table) and marked.
STRUCTURAL SOLUTIONS OF HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEMS
Horizontal routing of pipework is designed behind the suspended cellings of corridors and serviced retail and office areas, in plantrooms and car park open routing of services is envisaged. Vertical routing of pipework is designed in the commutation shafts. All pipework shall be installed with slope 0.003 in detection of flow of water.
All penetrations through the walls skill be the fire stopped in accordance with fire rating of the wall. All areas of multifunctional center are designed as "shell and core" areas. At this stage of the working design tranches of engineering systems into each tenant's area are envisaged (except heating system) for compliance of all requirements of standards, contract retirements and requirements set forth to class "A" buildings. Further, extending and updating of the design documentation by each tenant width the rented areas is anticipated, but provided that the basic requirements proposed by the building Owner are followed.
FIRE PROTECTION COOLING SYSTEMS
Fire safety of heating systems is provided by the following design solutions:
the building is equipped with at and hot water heating systems;
pipework crossing floor slabs, internal walls and partitions are routed in sleeve of incombustible materials with further closing of gaps to provide standardized the rating of the wall or slab;
heating devices are envisaged with a smooth surface allowing easy cleaning;
thermal Isolation is envisaged of incombustible materials.
ENERGY SAVING
For energy saving the following solutions are used in the design:
all external enclosures (walls, covers, windows) take into account energy saving conditions according to SNiP 23-02-2003 (Structures of enclosures are given in the architectural and construction section of the design);
For all systems, consuming heat (heat supply of ventilating systems, fan heaters, warm at curtains, heating) automation is provided in the heating substation and locally in premises, which reduces the heat supply depending on the temperature of external) heat gains of the building. it is proposed to use "day-night" automation for the office heating systems, with reduces heat supply depending on the time of day and day of week;
Each radiator and convector is fitted with a thermostat valve for the quantity control of parameters of LTHW width allows to save heat of heating systems, utilizing heat gains of other temporary sources (electrical lighting, office equipment, people, etc.) Activating of warm air curtains and fan heater systems is automatic by readings of temperature sensors, and by interlocking with opening / shutting of (Pars and gates; heat recovering b the at handling units
MATERIALS
All equipment and materials used for construction of the multifunctional center should:
- be certified for the use in the Russian Federation;
- empty with the Contract requirements;
- be approved by Client's and General Contractor representatives.
The design shows the recommended manufacturers and type of equipment and materials, whitch comply with tender specification. Replacement of equipment used in the design by similar in technical parameters is possible only if the above conditions are allowed.