Fire alarm system renovation public buildings and apartments
Technical solutions have been developed for the working fire alarm system project as part of the tender for renovating public buildings and apartments.
CHARACTERISTICS AND RATIONALE FOR FIRE ALARM TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS
FIRE ALARM SYSTEM FOR PUBLIC BUILDING
The fire alarm system is designed to detect fire ignition points, temperature increases, and smoke formation in building premises, with information output to panels and workstations located in security offices on the first floor.
The Automatic Fire Alarm System:
- provides 24/7 continuous monitoring of alarm loop functionality with automatic detector testing, multiple fire signal verification, and address-specific indication;
- enables automatic monitoring of detector operational status with visual alarm/fault indication on detectors themselves and audible signals at the fire station;
- retains status information of protected objects during automatic switchover from primary to backup power;
- incorporates electronic short-circuit protection for circuits;
- automatically displays fire location information on alphanumeric displays, showing system status and required staff actions. The indicator panel offers high visibility and is installed in rooms with round-the-clock staff presence;
- features automatic switching to integrated backup power, ensuring 24-hour operation in standby mode and at least 3 hours in Fire mode;
The system generates control signals for the following equipment:
- monitoring fire automation executive devices;
- automatic shutdown of ventilation and air conditioning;
- automatic closure of fire dampers;
- automatic activation of smoke exhaust fans;
- unlocking of access-controlled doors;
- automatic activation of notification systems;
- fire signals to elevator control circuits.
EQUIPMENT SELECTION AND JUSTIFICATION
The technical solutions adopted employ a comprehensive approach to equipping protected spaces with fire detection systems.
Detector and equipment selection complies with state standards, safety regulations, technical documentation, and considers environmental, mechanical, electromagnetic and other local factors.
The addressable fire alarm system uses control panels #1 and #2 (12 loops each).
Panels are installed as follows:
- Panel #1: loops 1.1 – 1.9
- Panel #2: loops 2.1 – 2.7
- Panel #3: loops 3.1 – 3.3
Detector placement: Addressable smoke detectors are installed in all areas except stairwells, ventilation chambers, wet areas, and above solid suspended ceilings in corridors where combustible insulation exceeds 1.5 liters per cable meter.
Smoke detector spacing. Manual call points are wall-mounted at 1.5m height along evacuation routes.
Input/output modules are installed in niches, above ceilings, and on walls. Detailed design solutions, equipment locations, and cable routing will be finalized during working documentation phase.
During fires in apartments or public areas, the system triggers automatic detectors. Signals are transmitted to the main fire alarm panel for system management.
Upon fire detection, the panel signals building systems via input/output modules using LS 1x2x1.0 cable to respective control panels.
AUTOMATIC FIRE ALARM SYSTEM DESCRIPTION FOR TENDER
The system utilizes Cerberus PRO technology. Based on room characteristics, fire loads, and combustion development patterns, protection employs OP720 optical detectors and FDMH291-R manual call points.
For detailed system status monitoring, computers connected via Ethernet to panel #3 are installed on first floors and apartments. Panels #1-3 interconnect via SAFEDLINK interface.
Addressable detection devices include:
- OP720 – addressable optical smoke detector
- HI722 – addressable heat detector
- FDMH291-R – addressable manual call point
Fire condition control modules:
- FDCIO222 – input/output modules
- FDCI222 – input modules
All building areas require addressable fire alarm equipment except:
- Stairwells and unheated vestibules
- Wet areas (restrooms, showers, laundries)
- Engineering rooms without combustibles (excluding ventilation chambers)
CABLE INFRASTRUCTURE
Alarm loops use FRLS 1x2x1.0 cable, routed separately from power/lighting cables in corrugated conduits. Parallel open runs maintain 0.5m separation from power cables, requiring interference protection if closer.
Separation may be reduced to 0.25m from single lighting wires and control cables without shielding.
POWER SUPPLY AND GROUNDING
Per Electrical Installation Code (PUE-99), fire alarm systems qualify as Category 1 power consumers.
System requires dual independent 220V/50Hz AC sources (≥0.5kW each) or single source with automatic battery backup switchover. Integrated batteries provide 24-hour standby plus 3-hour fire mode operation.
All equipment must be properly grounded per PUE. Grounding installation follows CH 102-76 guidelines with maximum 4-ohm resistance.
Grounding conductors must lack disconnects or fuses, be routed directly on walls, and embedded when penetrating structures without splices. Equipment connections use bolted terminals.
SYSTEM INSTALLATION AND CABLE ROUTING
Cable installation complies with RD 78.145-93. Horizontal runs above suspended ceilings use cable trays. Without ceilings, cables route in self-extinguishing conduits on walls/ceilings.
Vertical distribution uses communication/signal risers. Cable channels (trunking, PVC/conduit) use self-extinguishing materials. Routes must avoid mechanical stress/damage.
Cables include length allowance for thermal expansion. Wall/floor penetrations are sealed with removable fire-resistant material maintaining fire rating and smoke containment.
NON-RESIDENTIAL BUILDING EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION
Installation by licensed specialists upon building readiness, following current installation/testing/commissioning standards.
No special personnel protection required during installation. Electrical work follows "Consumer Electrical Installation Operation and Safety Rules."
Installers must review working documentation and equipment specifications. Safety-trained personnel only permitted for installation.
Installation/commissioning follows safety standards GOST 12.1.019-79, GOST 12.3.019-80, and equipment manuals. Tool and safety equipment inspection required pre-installation. Secure workstations mandatory.
Power tool use complies with GOST 12.2.013.0-91. Construction/commissioning follows project specifications and equipment safety guidelines.
Installation per RD 78.145-93, commissioning.
INSTALLATION SAFETY PROCEDURES
Licensed contractors perform installation during construction phase per RD 78.145-93 standards.
Power tool operation follows GOST 12.2.013-87. Installation/configuration observes device documentation safety measures and electrical code requirements for ≤1000V systems.
All groundable equipment must be properly grounded per PUE and manuals. Ground verification required before power-up. All work follows safety regulations and operational documentation.
New work requires safety briefing regardless of staff qualification. Apartment installation/repair requires de-energized conditions per RD 78.145-93. Electrical work performed with power disconnected.
Maintenance/adjustment follows safety rules for ≤1000V systems, GOST and system documentation.
OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS
System operation by customer personnel trained on system documentation and authorized for specific duties. All components meet project specifications for the reconstructed building.
Outdoor-rated FPS components operate at -25°C to +55°C, ≤98% humidity, withstand precipitation, and resist UV, corrosion, and industrial chemicals.
Scheduled maintenance required to maintain operational readiness and prevent premature failure.
SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE
Reliable operation requires scheduled maintenance and planned preventive repairs per annual schedule considering manufacturer guidelines and approved repair timelines.
Annual operational testing per technical documentation, compliant with current regulations and documented accordingly.
Maintenance performed by trained specialists or licensed contractors. Personnel require ≥3rd qualification grade for ≤1000V systems and relevant documentation knowledge.
Maintenance aims to sustain operational status, prevent malfunctions, and avoid premature component failure.
Maintenance structure includes:
- routine maintenance
- scheduled repairs
Maintenance covers system monitoring, fault correction, adjustment, and calibration. Pre-maintenance review of device documentation required.
Regular visual inspections of system components and wiring, with housing cleaning.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
No environmental hazards from materials/technologies during installation/operation. Equipment emits no harmful substances, eliminating environmental damage risk. No special environmental measures included, including component disposal.