The design of engineering systems automation BACS for Business Center
Completed installation, design and commissioning of automation systems for engineering systems of the Business Center BACS.
Details below ..
DESIGNING OF AUTOMATION SYSTEM OF ENGINEERING NETWORKS ADCS
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This project documentation contains the basic solutions for the installation and programming of an automated process control, management and dispatching system (AMC & D) for the complex building overhaul facility: Moscow.
The design documentation was made on the basis of technical assignments from adjacent sections (HVAC, VC, EOM, AUVTP, AUGPT, etc.) taking into account the requirements of regulatory documents in force in the territory of the Russian Federation.
ASKUID is based on the controller of the company Siemens. Electrical equipment accepted firms ABB, Finder. Means of automation of firms S + S, Danfos s .
Automated system for control, management and dispatch of technological processes of the engineering complex is intended for:
o effective functioning of engineering systems of a building through centralized monitoring of life support systems and automated performance of equipment control functions;
o remote monitoring and control of engineering systems equipment;
o obtaining operational information on the status and parameters of equipment engineering systems in a convenient form for the operator;
o improving the reliability, safety and quality of the equipment engineering systems;
o organization of technological accounting of energy resources;
o conducting automated accounting of operational resources of engineering equipment in order to conduct timely maintenance;
o ensuring the operational interaction of operational services, planning for the maintenance and repair of engineering systems;
o reduce equipment maintenance costs;
o reducing the required staffing of staff;
o reducing the number of planned rounds and the need for constant visual monitoring of equipment performance.
o documenting and recording the flow of technological processes, the work of engineering systems, and the actions of service personnel.
o local and remote control units of the systems included in this complex;
o automatic regulation of specified technological parameters and control of equipment of engineering systems in accordance with regime maps;
o automatic shutdown of the faulty unit and the inclusion of a reserve;
o emergency and pre-emergency alarms on the work of engineering systems and building components;
o registration of inclusions and shutdowns of equipment, failures and malfunctions in the operation of AMSC;
o registration of the main technological parameters;
o consideration of technological parameters;
o archiving and preparation of accounting documents on the work of the building engineering systems.
It provides control, regulation, control, interlocks and protection against emergency operation of the following technical systems of the complex:
o General ventilation system;
o heating system;
o Air heat curtains;
Fire extinguishing valves (OZK) and smoke removal valves (KDU);
o Drainage pumps;
o Power supply;
o Electric lighting.
Management of the listed systems should be implemented on the principles of direct digital control (DDC) and include the necessary sensors and actuators, as well as cable connections and switching equipment.
In addition to the listed systems, for monitoring and obtaining the initial data of the complex management, the following systems are also required to be integrated into the software and hardware complex of the ASCSMS:
o fire alarm;
o automatic installation of water extinguishing;
o automatic installation of gas fire extinguishing.
1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE PROJECT TO THE ASKUID AUTOMATION SYSTEM
The automated control system should serve for the unified management of the building engineering systems, as well as perform the functions of optimizing all their work cycles.
The system must meet the following requirements:
o be fully open to the end user;
o be simple in hardware configuration / reconfiguration and in programming;
o be versatile and compatible, capable of working with peripheral hardware from various manufacturers, thereby giving the customer the freedom to choose peripheral equipment.
o be easy to use, troubleshoot and repair. It should provide the ability to replace any controller with an identical one, exclusively by the building management service, in the shortest possible time, without the need to use any unique tool, and also without the need for additional programming;
o the possibility of a phased increase in the volume of automation, without changing the basic concept during the entire cycle of operation of the facility.
The software should contain a number of built-in utilities, such as:
o automatic PID tuning;
o optimization of the “start-stop” of the equipment;
o control of peak loads, etc.
The automated building management system should operate in real time, without delays in receiving and processing incoming signals from the moment any sensor responds.
All system equipment, including sensors, must have a warranty period of at least one year from the date of putting the system into operation, controllers and software at least 10 (ten) years. When performing repairs, the warranty period for equipment that failed after the warranty period of operation must be set at least one year.
The system should not be based and depend on the central monitoring and control station. The possibility of battery life is one of the fundamental requirements for the system. The architecture of the building automation and dispatching system should be designed in such a way that the controllers can freely communicate with each other and execute the programmed algorithms in the autonomous mode during the entire absence of communication with the central monitoring and control station.
Completion of personnel training for the operation of this system should be recorded in an act that provides information on the degree of implementation of the curriculum (program) and the results of the final quality control of training (knowledge test).
In the process of learning how to work with the system, personnel should be trained (the administrator of the ASCSMS system, system operators) who have the capabilities and the necessary knowledge and skills to perform work at all levels of access, namely:
o change of system parameters;
o system configuration;
o adding additional controllers, as well as control and monitoring points;
o programming system operation algorithms .
The scope, conditions, terms of after-sales service must meet all customer requirements for operating this system, and be specified in a separate contract.
The cost of the annual after-sales service of the system should not exceed 2% of the total cost of the system.
1. STRUCTURE OF BUILDING ASKUID
The complex ASKUD should be built as a three-level multifunctional system operating in real time.
The lower level of the subsystem is the level of local automation. At this level, direct control of system parameters, automated information processing and equipment control are provided.
Technical implementation of this level is carried out using:
o peripheral equipment (temperature, pressure, flow, etc.);
o electrical equipment (contacts, relays, circuit breakers, etc.);
o actuators (electric drives, frequency regulators, etc.).
The middle level is the controllers that provide automated processing and archiving (archiving is necessary for storing information in the emergency operation mode of the equipment) information from sensors and technical means of the ASCMS of the lower level, and also for controlling actuators and mechanisms.
The upper level is the central dispatch center (CDP), which ensures the prompt presentation of information about the state of life support systems of buildings and structures, its storage and archiving, as well as remote control of equipment located in the dispatch system.
The building monitoring and control station (upper level) should provide the following features:
o system programming in terms of displaying (in diagrams and images) the graphic location of any sensor (actuator) on the floor plans of the object;
o programming the system in terms of displaying (in diagrams and images) the graphical location of any functionally complete engineering equipment node (ITP, VTZ, fan, etc.) on the floor plans of the object, indicating and displaying the areas of the building to be provided with this equipment;
o programming the system in terms of displaying (in the diagrams) a graphic image of the functional diagram of any functionally complete node of the AMSC system (ITP, VTZ, fan, etc.) with the actual state (in the amount of controlled parameters) of all elements of this node;
o the ability to carry out the necessary adjustments of the operating parameters of an individual actuator with a centralized control unit;
o the ability to set limit values for all parameters set by the operator;
o the possibility of changing the operation of the system with the CPD by setting general parameters to be created and further maintained (until the next adjustment) in the pre-defined local areas of the building;
o when setting common parameters with the CPD, the system should determine the optimal parameters of the necessary control actions and output them to the necessary actuators;
o when specifying common parameters with the CDS and their testing, the system should inform the operator about the performance of the specified control action by all devices and the output of the parameters in the specified zone to the specified modes;
the system should output the operator specified parameters and actual parameters. In this case, a color selection and a sound signal to display their discrepancy. At the request of the operator to display these actuators on
o functional diagrams or / and displaying floor plans of the building.
The graphical shell should display the following information for each node:
o optimal parameters (set by the operator or the system in automatic mode) to be kept in this zone;
o real parameters that have been established in this zone at the present time;
o parameters approaching critical;
o the list and display on the floor plans (or, on the instructions of the operator, on the functional diagrams) of the elements of the system responsible for maintaining these parameters in the specified modes.
In the event that the system fixes exceeding the critical values of the monitored parameters, audiovisual signaling should be given.
When a critical situation is detected and there are no control actions from the operator or another employee who has the right to manage the system for a specified time, as well as a prohibition on making independent decisions, the system should work out (from a set of commands specified by a predetermined team designer) to reduce possible damage.
The logging system should not be limited by the number of logged control and management points or by the storage period of the log files. The system must document in long-term memory (on the hard disk):
o all parameters to maintain;
o status of all sensors and actuators;
o commands entered into the system with an indication of the specific person who gave the appropriate order;
o the time, date and specific address of any recorded change, indicating the new state and the operator who introduced these changes.
There should be a selective search system in the created archive of the protocol.
A password system must be developed:
o identification of operators;
o persons having access to the system management and archival information;
o persons authorized to change the configuration and make changes to the program of work.
The developer should be presented not only a ready-made software product programmed to work with a certain number of specific devices, but also a software tool for creating / changing system operation algorithms.
For each algorithm of the system, one or more initiators must be provided. Initiators determine the time for the execution of a program. The system must have at least four types of initiators: absolute time, time of day of the week, event and manual initiation. Each individual initiator may be allowed or denied by the operator.
o control controllers should ensure the autonomous operation of the specified nodes of the process equipment. In the event of a malfunction in the station equipment or its complete failure, the uninterrupted operation of each controller for controlling the operation (maintaining previously established parameters) of the connected engineering systems should be ensured;
o controllers should be able to locally control from their own control panel or have an external device and software allowing, in the absence of communication between the controller and the station equipment, to correct the controller’s operation in terms of setting new control parameters and maintaining them with this controller;
o the signal about the occurrence of the controller malfunction should be displayed on the ASKUID system controller;
o the equipment used (controllers) must be able to upgrade, improve and scale the system.
PROJECT DOCUMENTATION OF THE AUTOMATION SYSTEM
Requirements for the number of hierarchy levels and the degree of centralization of the system:
o the system must contain the minimum number of hierarchy levels and satisfy the highest possible decentralization requirements;
To improve system performance and reduce the cost of the cable system, data collection devices should be located in the immediate vicinity of the monitored equipment and meet the requirements of complete autonomy.
Requirements for methods and means of communication for information exchange between system components:
o equipment and cables inside the building, designed to create a connection between the controllers and the main dispatching station, form the trunk subsystem of the building;
o STP (FTP) cables must meet the following requirements:
ü cables must be at least category 5e, 100 ohm;
ü cables must be suitable for the working environment;
ü cables must be made by an ISO 9001 and 9002 certified manufacturer.
o all cable routing lines should be submitted to the Customer in the form of a project and approved by the Customer before the installation of the cable system;
o each STP cable segment (FTP) of the horizontal part must not contain couplings;
o routes should be designed and installed in compliance with relevant local and national building, fire and electrical regulations;
o the grounding system of the tracks must meet the requirements of the Electrical Installation Code (sixth edition) and SNiP 3.05.06-85;
o tracks should not have exposed sharp edges that may come in contact with telecommunication cables;
o the number of cables placed in the route should not exceed the number determined by the manufacturer for this type of route, and also not lead to a change in the geometric shape of the cable;
o it is prohibited to locate the tracks in the lift shafts;
o Installation of telecommunication cables should be carried out with maintaining the minimum allowable distance to power supply cables. Also take into account the location of cables and equipment devices that may be sources of interference;
o cable routes should be mounted or selected so that the minimum bending radius of the cables is maintained within the limits specified by the manufacturer, both during and after installation;
o when laying the cable in the spaces behind suspended or false ceilings, the means of fastening the cable must be structurally independent of the elements of the suspended ceiling, its fittings or the means of attachment;
o The installer is obliged to comply with the requirements for the bend radius and tension force of 4-pair UTP cables during their preparation and installation;
o in the spaces behind false ceilings, the minimum clearance necessary for dismantling false ceilings must be observed in order to have access to cable routes;
o It is recommended that the continuous segments of pipes, corrugated metal sleeves, installed by the assembler company, do not exceed 30 m in length and do not contain more than 2 bends with an angle of 90 ° without using drawbars of the appropriate size;
o each cable must be assigned a unique identification number to associate this cable with its entry (labeling). At both ends of each cable must be labeled with the unique identification number of the cable.
Requirements for the characteristics of the relationship of the system being created with adjacent systems, requirements for its compatibility:
o All low-current subsystems of the ASKUID building, automatic fire alarm, burglar alarm and access control, etc. must have interaction functions with each other, even if they were produced by different firms.
1. ASKUID GENERAL EXCHANGE VENTILATION
ASKUID general ventilation provides :
o maintaining the air temperature in the premises by controlling the coolant valves. The air temperature is controlled by PID, depending on the readings of the temperature sensor installed in the discharge air duct, and the control of the electric valve actuators installed on the coolant and coolant pipe;
o availability of power in automation and control panels;
o control of supply air temperature;
o control filter pollution;
protection of the heater against freezing according to the supply air temperature (the air-over protection thermostat is installed in the water heater section, protection is implemented at the relay level) and according to the return heat carrier temperature
o (analog temperature sensor is installed on the return pipe of the heater, protection is implemented by programming the dependence of the operation of the control valve of the heater and the temperature sensor readings);
o control of return heat medium temperature;
o control of the air valve;
o control of the position of the air valves (open / closed);
o control of fan operation modes (on / off);
o control of pump operation modes (on / off);
o fan failure alarm ;
o signal " pump failure " ;
o interlocked start of supply air fans with exhaust;
o safe start and stop of the system;
o maintaining the desired air temperature in automatic mode;
o automatic control of the installation on a temporary schedule;
o regulation of the performance of installations for systems equipped with frequency converters.
The condition of the fans (on / off) of the systems is determined by the position of the contacts of the magnetic starters and / or pressure differential sensors. In the event of a malfunction, the fan is turned off with an alarm "Fan Failure" and with sound. When the filter is clogged, the differential pressure sensor on it generates a warning alarm “Clogged filter”.
When starting the system in wintertime, provide for a preliminary (before the fan starts) 3-minute heating of the heater with the coolant valve fully open to the installed return water temperature, depending on the outside temperature.
During the cold period, provide for the protection of the heater against freezing (protection thermostat and temperature sensor for return heat carrier):
o when the system is on (operating mode) - when the return heat medium temperature drops to the specified value or when the air temperature after the heater goes down, the fan is turned off, the outside air damper closes, the valve on the heat carrier opens fully, the circulation pump continues to work, the “Freezing threat” signal is sent to the control room ";
o if, after opening the valve, the return water temperature becomes higher, the system returns to normal operation.
In the stop mode, the protection is carried out according to the return heat medium temperature: when the return heat medium temperature drops to the specified value, the valve on the heat carrier opens completely, the “Threat of freezing” signal is sent to the control room; if after opening the valve, the return water temperature becomes higher, the system returns to normal operation, if not, an alarm “Freeze heater” is given to the control room, followed by an audible one.
Fans of exhaust systems operate in automatic mode and according to the schedule and are activated remotely from the control room from the central computer station. Signals are sent to the control room about the on status of the fans of all exhaust systems, in the event of a malfunction, the fan is turned off and an alarm is issued on the PC of the central computer station "Fan Failure" with sound.
ASKUID provides shutdown of ventilation systems and air conditioning in case of receipt of the control signal from the automatic fire alarm system (APS). The fans are disconnected by acting on the power electrical equipment (fan contactors).
In the immediate vicinity of the control panel, an APS control module is installed, the output contacts of which commute the 24VAC circuit of the fire relay coil installed in the control panel. The principle of operation of the module is constant, the contact is normally closed (NC) (potential-free, opens in case of fire).
When crossing fire barriers, fire-retardant valves (OZK) are installed by air ducts. Drives OZK receive food from control panels SCHAU-OZK. Drives OZK should be closed in the absence of tension under the influence of the spring. Switching voltage through modules APS.
1. ASKUID HEAT SUPPLY
The number of individual heat points and internal heating circuits is calculated by the heating and ITP project (CHS) based on the size and nature of the heat load of the building parts.
ASKUiD heat supply (ITP) provides the following functions (the project is developed in the electrical engineering section of the IHP):
o regulation of the temperature of the coolant in the internal circuit;
o regulation of the return network water temperature;
o automatic maintenance of the set pressure in the DHW supply pipe, heating and ventilation;
o monitoring and control of pumping equipment, protection against overheating and blocking;
o maintaining temperature parameters in accordance with personal settings;
o control of outdoor temperature (weather-dependent automation).
ASKUID heat supply (TSC) provides similar functions listed previously for ITP. The controllers used for ASKUID TSTP are determined by the technical conditions for heat supply. If TU does not prescribe the use of specific equipment, then in this case Siemens controllers are used. The project of automation of the central transformer substation is developed in the electrical part of the central transformer substation.
Regardless of the equipment used, the automatic control system shall be integrated into the general system of the automatic power supply monitoring system of buildings.
4. ASKUID OF GENERAL EXCHANGE VENTILATION
ASKUID general ventilation provides :
o maintaining the air temperature in the premises by controlling the coolant valves. The air temperature is controlled by PID, depending on the readings of the temperature sensor installed in the discharge air duct, and the control of the electric valve actuators installed on the coolant and coolant pipe;
o availability of power in automation and control panels;
o control of supply air temperature;
o control filter pollution;
o heater protection against freezing according to the supply air temperature (air protection thermostat is installed in the water heater section, protection is implemented at the relay level) and temperature of the return heat carrier (analog temperature sensor is installed on the return pipe of the heater, protection is implemented by programming the dependence of the control valve of the air heater and temperature sensor readings);
o control of return heat medium temperature;
o control of the air valve;
o control of the position of the air valves (open / closed);
o control of fan operation modes (on / off);
o control of pump operation modes (on / off);
o fan failure alarm ;
o signal " pump failure " ;
o interlocked start of supply air fans with exhaust;
o safe start and stop of the system;
o maintaining the desired air temperature in automatic mode;
o automatic control of the installation on a temporary schedule;
o regulation of the performance of installations for systems equipped with frequency converters.
The condition of the fans (on / off) of the systems is determined by the position of the contacts of the magnetic starters and / or pressure differential sensors. In the event of a malfunction, the fan is turned off with an alarm "Fan Failure" and with sound. When the filter is clogged, the differential pressure sensor on it generates a warning alarm “Clogged filter”.
When starting the system in wintertime, provide for a preliminary (before the fan starts) 3-minute heating of the heater with the coolant valve fully open to the installed return water temperature, depending on the outside temperature.
During the cold period, provide for the protection of the heater against freezing (protection thermostat and temperature sensor for return heat carrier):
o when the system is on (operating mode) - when the return heat medium temperature drops to the specified value or when the air temperature after the heater goes down, the fan is turned off, the outside air damper closes, the valve on the heat carrier opens fully, the circulation pump continues to work, the “Freezing threat” signal is sent to the control room ";
o if, after opening the valve, the return water temperature becomes higher, the system returns to normal operation.
In the stop mode, the protection is carried out according to the return heat medium temperature: when the return heat medium temperature drops to the specified value, the valve on the heat carrier opens completely, the “Threat of freezing” signal is sent to the control room; if after opening the valve, the return water temperature becomes higher, the system returns to normal operation, if not, an alarm “Freeze heater” is given to the control room, followed by an audible one.
Fans of exhaust systems operate in automatic mode and according to the schedule and are activated remotely from the control room from the central computer station. Signals are sent to the control room about the on status of the fans of all exhaust systems, in the event of a malfunction, the fan is turned off and an alarm is issued on the PC of the central computer station "Fan Failure" with sound.
ASKUID provides shutdown of ventilation systems and air conditioning in case of receipt of the control signal from the automatic fire alarm system (APS). The fans are disconnected by acting on the power electrical equipment (fan contactors).
In the immediate vicinity of the control panel, an APS control module is installed, the output contacts of which commute the 24VAC circuit of the fire relay coil installed in the control panel. The principle of operation of the module is constant, the contact is normally closed (NC) (potential-free, opens in case of fire).
When crossing fire barriers, fire-retardant valves (OZK) are installed by air ducts. Drives OZK receive food from control panels SCHAU-OZK. Drives OZK should be closed in the absence of tension under the influence of the spring. Switching voltage through modules APS.
5. ASKUID HEAT SUPPLY
The number of individual heat points and internal heating circuits is calculated by the heating and ITP project (CHS) based on the size and nature of the heat load of the building parts.
ASKUiD heat supply (ITP) provides the following functions (the project is developed in the electrical engineering section of the IHP):
o regulation of the temperature of the coolant in the internal circuit;
o regulation of the return network water temperature;
o automatic maintenance of the set pressure in the DHW supply pipe, heating and ventilation;
o monitoring and control of pumping equipment, protection against overheating and blocking;
o maintaining temperature parameters in accordance with personal settings;
o control of outdoor temperature (weather-dependent automation).
ASKUID heat supply (TSC) provides similar functions listed previously for ITP. The controllers used for ASKUID TSTP are determined by the technical conditions for heat supply. If TU does not prescribe the use of specific equipment, then in this case Siemens controllers are used. The project of automation of the central transformer substation is developed in the electrical part of the central transformer substation.
Regardless of the equipment used, the automatic control system shall be integrated into the general system of the automatic power supply monitoring system of buildings.
6. ASKUID AIR CONDITIONING
In accordance with the terms of reference and the section OVIK, the air conditioning system at this facility is not provided. However, the structure of the AMS system of the facility provides for the possibility of increasing the system in the event of the appearance of air-conditioning equipment.
7. ASKUID ELECTRICAL LIGHTING
ASKUID electric lighting provides:
o control and management of lighting in common areas;
o control and management of outdoor lighting;
o inclusion of the lighting group according to the light sensor or according to the time schedule.
System algorithms provide for:
o visual display of controlled lighting groups in a graphic form, with the possibility of their on / off.
8. ASKUID POWER SUPPLY
ASKUID power supply provides:
o the position (on / off) of the circuit breakers in the object's input panels (ASU, MSB);
o a malfunction signal of the switches in the object's input panels (ASU, MSB).
System algorithms provide for:
o visual display of monitored circuit breakers in graphical form.
9. ASKUID COMPLETE EQUIPMENT
Systems whose automated control system is built on the basis of complete equipment or is being developed in the electrical part of the corresponding section:
o automatic installation of water extinguishing;
o automatic gas fire extinguishing installation;
o drainage pumps;
o pumping fire;
o pumping household - drinking.
Parameters of the complete equipment to be integrated into the general system of the automated control system for buildings:
o control of the equipment operation mode (on / off);
o signal "Accident";
o other parameters depending on the needs of the ASCM system and the capabilities of the integrated equipment.
10. REGULATORY AND REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
o GOST R 21.1703-2000 “Rules for the execution of working documentation of wired communications”
o GOST R 50571.10-96 (IEC 364-5-54-80) “Part 5 Chapter 54 Grounding devices and protective conductors”
o OSTN-600-93 "Industry construction and technological standards for the installation of structures and devices for communication, broadcasting and television"
o SniP 31-05-2003 “Building codes and regulations. Public buildings"
o SniP 3.05.06-85 “Building codes and regulations. Electrotechnical devices »
o MGSN 4.04-94 "Multifunctional buildings and complexes".
o SNiP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning."
o SNiP 41-02-2003 Thermal Networks.
o SP 41-101-95 “The system of regulatory documents in construction. Codes of rules for design and construction. Designing thermal points.
o SNiP 2.01.02-85 “Fire Prevention Norms”
o GOST 12.1.004-91 "Fire Safety"
o GOST 21.408-93 "Rules for the execution of working documentation process automation"
o GOST 34.602-89 “Information technology. Set of standards for automated systems. Terms of Reference for the creation of an automated system "
o GOST 24.206-80 "System of technical documentation for automated control systems. Requirements for the content of technical support documents »
o GOST 34.602-89 “Information technology. Set of standards for automated systems. Terms of Reference for the creation of an automated system "
o PUE-98, 6th edition, “Rules for electrical installations”.