Design of the electrical installation of an apartment building with underground parking

Our design organization has completed the development of working documentation of the power supply for the electric power supply of an apartment block apartment building with an underground car parking.

Design of the electrical installation of an apartment building with underground parking

The main provisions of the design and estimate documentation

The project of internal electrical equipment of the designed buildings at the address: Moscow, Central Administrative District, Yakimanka District, was developed on the basis of the Design Assignment, technical specifications for the design of fire protection, assignments of related departments in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations. The power supply of the residential complex is provided from the 380 / 220V mains with the TN-CS grounding system . The distribution switchboard is installed in a specially designated room at level -1 (switchboard). The power supply of the VRU is provided via independent mutually reserved lines from MSB. According to the degree of ensuring the reliability of electricity supply, a residential house belongs to the N-th category, except for category I electric pick-ups.　

By electroreceivers l th category includes:　

  • electric receivers, automatic fire alarm systems (APS), SKTVV monitoring system, local security systems (LSS), automatic remote access systems (AMSC), and automatic power management systems (ACMS);　

- fire-prevention devices: smoke removal fans (remote control, VDU); boards of automation of fire protection systems and dispatching of electric drives operating in the mutual backup mode, automatic fire fighting, fire water supply;　

  • emergency (backup and evacuation) lighting;　
  • elevators;　
  • fire alarm system;　
  • fire warning system.　

To ensure the reliability of power supply at the VRU input, it is possible to switch the power from one input to the main switchboard to another. Power supply to consumers of the first category is carried out from different sections of input-distribution devices through devices for automatic transfer of reserve from switchboards AVR. Power supply of communication systems and dispatching, critical to the quality of electricity, is carried out using local uninterruptible power supplies installed near consumers (see projects CC and JSC). The total number of apartments in the building is 20 pcs. The calculation of the electrical loads of the designed residential building was made in accordance with SP 31-110-2003 for apartments of a higher category of comfort (input to the apartment is 3-phase, the power factor is 0.93).　

The estimated load on the apartment in accordance with the design specification, agreed with the Customer, is:　

  • one-room -17.0 kW (S up to 80m2);　
  • two-room - 20.0 kW (S up to 140m2); two-room - 22.0 kW (S up to 180m2);　
  • three-room - 20.0 kW (S up to 140m2); three-room - 22.0 kW (S up to 180m2);　
  • four-room - 25.0 kW (S up to 180m2);　
  • penthouses - 30.0 kW.　

The design load of a residential building consists of loads of apartments, lighting of general building premises, fire alarm systems, dispatching and automation of engineering equipment and power receivers. The power loads of the building are: elevators, air-thermal curtains of the entrances of the 1st floor, snow melting installation, general exchange ventilation, heating system of drainpipes and entrance groups, fans of the smoke protection system. Fans of smoke removal in the calculation of the calculated electrical loads at the input are not taken into account. The project provides for automatic shutdown of the supply and exhaust ventilation and automatic activation of the smoke exhaust system in case of fire. Measures for people with limited mobility are taken into account by section AR. Illumination of rooms and communications for MGN should be increased by one step compared with the requirements of SNiP 23-05-95 *. Synchronous sound and light alarms connected to the fire warning system are equipped with premises and areas of public premises of the building, visited by the Moscow State University. The results of the calculation are presented in the table of electrical loads and on the schematic unilinear diagrams. The project provides for scheduling the presence of voltage at the IU inputs (input panels and the ATS panel), as well as the dispatching system controls the work of contactors in group networks activated by a photo relay signal (staircase lighting, lighting of entrances, house number indicator). visited MGN. The results of the calculation are presented in the table of electrical loads and on the schematic unilinear diagrams. The project provides for scheduling the presence of voltage at the IU inputs (input panels and the ATS panel), as well as the dispatching system controls the work of contactors in group networks activated by a photo relay signal (staircase lighting, lighting of entrances, house number indicator). visited MGN. The results of the calculation are presented in the table of electrical loads and on the schematic unilinear diagrams. The project provides for scheduling the presence of voltage at the IU inputs (input panels and the ATS panel), as well as the dispatching system controls the work of contactors in group networks activated by a photo relay signal (staircase lighting, lighting of entrances, house number indicator).　

Introductory distribution and group shields.　

For the reception and distribution of electricity for a voltage of 380/220 V, distribution switchgears of the VRU-8504 type with mutual redundant cable inputs from the MSB, with input switches and circuit breakers on outgoing lines and ABP switchboards are designed. Electric distribution receivers of the first special category (fire alarm, evacuation and safety lighting, elevators, smoke removal system and air overpressure) are powered from the distribution panels after the ATS. The delay of operation of AVR for protection against short-term voltage drops in the network is provided. AVR operation is allowed only if there is voltage in all phases on another input. The prohibition of the operation of the ATS during emergency shutdown of input switches is provided. Manual override mode is also provided for commissioning. In accordance with the requirements of SP 6. 13130 The power supply of the electric fire protection systems is carried out from independent panels of fire-prevention devices PUF, which are powered from the panels I LIE and from MSB, with a device for automatic switching on the reserve (panel ATS). The ABP boards supplying the fire protection installations have a distinctive (red) color. Electricity meters are installed in sealed IU compartments and SHU metering cabinets. As switchboards, boards are provided with a modular assembly of protective and switching equipment manufactured by powering fire protection installations have a distinctive (red) color. Electricity meters are installed in sealed IU compartments and SHU metering cabinets. As switchboards, boards are provided with a modular assembly of protective and switching equipment manufactured by powering fire protection installations have a distinctive (red) color. Electricity meters are installed in sealed IU compartments and SHU metering cabinets. As switchboards, boards are provided with a modular assembly of protective and switching equipment manufactured by"Schneider electric" . E lektroshkafy manufactured in accordance with GOST R 51178-2001 "Shields distributive for production and public works" with a degree of protection not less than IP31; GOST R 51628-2000 Distribution Guards for Residential Buildings. Introduction distributing devices - in accordance with GOST 32396-2013 "Input distributing devices for residential and public buildings". Switchboards have a design that eliminates the spread of burning beyond the shield from the low-current compartment in the power and vice versa. On the floors are installed floor distribution devices type UERM.　

Meter meters of the electricity consumed by each apartment are mounted in the UERM floor panels - electronic three-phase two-tariff meters, automatic switches and a protective cutout device of the RCD at the input to each apartment. The possibility of connecting residential meters to the system of automated metering of electricity consumed (AMR) is envisaged. Floor guards are installed in specially designated premises provided for by the architectural and construction section of the project. The flats of ShchM mechanization for finishing works (in accordance with the design assignment) and sockets (IP44) for connecting means of small-scale mechanization and temporary lighting are installed in the apartments .To limit the electricity consumption during the finishing works in the UERM, a single-pole circuit breaker for a current of 16A is installed for each apartment.　

P aspredelitelnye, group, etc. storey. Shields and shields, trip time tional devices should not exceed the rated value (p. 1.7.78, p. 1.7.79).

remotes supplied complete.

Control of ventilation equipment is provided by means of control cabinets. Serial production of control boxes of type ShUV is foreseen as start-protective equipment for electric motors of smoke removal fans and air overpressure. For all electric motors, local control is provided on the supplied control panels, boards developed in the section "Automation". For electric motors of smoke-free ventilation systems, local control is provided for boxes of type ShUV. All installed distribution and group panels, control panels, terminal boxes, sockets, etc., electrical and wiring products installed in rooms, the degree of protection of electrical equipment in rooms with a moist environment - IP44.In administrative and residential premises and in other technical premises with a normal environment, equipment with a degree of protection of IP20 is used.　

Distribution and group networks.　

Distribution networks from input distributing devices to floor-by-panel dashboards, power distribution points are carried out by a five-wire cable of the brand BBrHr (A) LS. Group power networks are laid cable VVGng (A) 1_5, open to trays, PVC and, in part, metal pipes, on technical floors, in the ventilation chambers and other technical rooms. Along the corridors of residential floors of VVGng (A) 1Т $ cables on trays and, partially, in non-combustible PVC pipes behind a hemming ceiling. Group lighting networks are laid with copper conductors behind a hemming ceiling, PVC pipes in wall timbers, steel pipes and BBTHr (A) LS cables are opened in technical rooms.Cable networks passing through the premises of the car park (P-! A) are laid in special boxes with a fire resistance not less than the fire resistance of intersecting restricting structures (R) Ei 150. Cable lines of fire protection systems are made with fire-resistant cables with copper conductors that do not distribute fire during group laying on category 4 with low smoke and gas emission type BBrHr (A) -FRLS, (elevators, smoke removal, POS, evacuation lighting, safety lighting). When connecting the engine fire smoke removal systems using a cable company Helukabel brand N2XH-FH 180 / E 30. Ventilation equipment connected via frequency converters connected cable brandTOPLEX-EMV-3PLUS 2YSLCY-J. To connect the electric motors of fans and air conditioners installed on vibration bases, the cable H07 RN-F of the company Helukabel is used.　

Group networks from UERM to the apartment panel are laid with a cable VVGng (A) -1_5-660, behind a hemmed ceiling in a steel pipe. At the same time, three wires (phase, N, PE) are used to connect the ShchM mechanization panels ; two of them must be insulated in UERM. Installation height ShchM -1.5 m from the floor. The height of the installation iPOEI sockets (T * public areas -0.3 m; switches -1.0 m, in accordance with the design project.All cables and wires with copper conductors. All networks are performed five-wire and three-wire. All 380/220 V electrical networks are selected by long-term permissible current loads, taking into account their protection against the effects of short-circuit currents, overloads and permissible voltage drops. Electrical equipment and materials used in the project must have a certificate of compliance with the standards of the Russian Federation. PVC pipes and cable VVGNG (A) -1_E-660, VVG Hr (A) -FRLS-660, N2XH-FH 180 / E 30, TOPLEX-EMV, H07 RN-F must have a fire safety certificate and must comply with airbag 248-97 .　

The colors of the insulation of cables and wires should be: phase L1 , L2, L3 - have a distinctive color, the working neutral wire N is blue, the grounding PE is green and yellow (in accordance with the PUE of 2.1.31, Clause 1.1.29 ). All cable lines extending through the holes in the walls and floor slabs are laid with subsequent sealing with easily penetrated fire-fighting foam (like CP 660 from Hilti). In places of exit to the roof, single cable lines are laid in pipe sections using fireproof sealant, and for group laying of cable lines, sealed cable penetrations are installed with a fire resistance limit not lower than the fire resistance limit of the ceiling (manufactured by"Hilti").　

Electric lighting.　

 The project of electric lighting is developed on the basis of technological drawings with explication of the premises, data on the environment of the premises, as well as structural solutions of the building and architectural requirements for lighting. The lighting calculation was made using the coefficient of utilization method for specific lamps according to the manufacturer’s data, based on the normalized illumination in accordance with SNiP 23-05-95 * and SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278-03 and the technical task of the Customer. In the designed residential house, the following types of lighting are adopted: working, emergency (backup and evacuation) and repair (lighting fixtures for lighting are powered through step-down isolation transformers 220/42 V).　

The project provides for the installation of light signs "Exit", the index of the house number, fire hydrant, as well as advertising and architectural lighting. From ASU powered shield architectural lighting of each building. Lighting of all obschedomovy rooms, except technical, is carried out by lamps with luminescent and LED lamps. Technical rooms, canopies are illuminated with lamps with energy-saving lamps.　

Lighting control is carried out automatically:　

- evacuation lighting of visors, entrances, lights of light barriers, evacuation stairs from a photo relay and a remote controller;　

  • evacuation lighting of elevator halls works - constantly;　
  • working lighting of intermediate staircases, floor corridors, elevator halls - lamps with built-in motion sensors;　
  • working lighting of the lobby - switches in place;　
  • the lighting of the rooms of electrical switchboards, ventilation cameras - with switches in place.　

In the corridors and hallways of a residential building, lamps manufactured by THORN, embedded in a ceiling hem, and also wall-mounted (see the design project) are used.　

Light signs "Exit" have built-in batteries for 3 hours and work around the clock. Manufactured by Thorn and IGUZZINI or other manufacturers, agreed with the Customer. Architectural lighting is carried out by spotlights with LED lamps (see separate project). 　The premises of the apartments provided temporary lighting systems. The use of energy-efficient fluorescent and LED lamps and automatic lighting control greatly saves energy consumption. The project provides for the use of lighting equipment manufactured by the campaign “Thorn” and “IGUZZINI” or other manufacturers, agreed with the Customer.

Grounding

All Metal non-current-carrying parts of electrical equipment (shield frames, starting equipment for luminaires, steel pipes and electrical wiring trays) must be zeroed by means of a strong connection with protective neutral conductor of the network in accordance with EIR, section 1.7. Potential equalization system should be performed (Section 1.7 .82 PUE) by inserting the following conductive parts:　

main (main) grounding conductor - earth terminal:

  • steel pipes of building communications;　

metal parts of the lightning protection system, syste Such conductive parts must be connected fur For each input device, the main grounding bus GZSH - PE VRU bus is made.

GZSH connected by conductors equalization potentials.

Lightning protection.　

In accordance with RD 34.21.122-87, the lightning protection of a building falls into category III .　

To protect against lightning strikes of people who may be during a thunderstorm on the operated roof, in the technical area of the roof are installed mast-type lightning rods (manufactured by OBO BETTERMANN or equivalent), with a protection zone of 2m from the level of the roof surface. A lightning-receiving grid is laid along the perimeter of the roof - galvanized steel strip 40x4mm. All metal elements protruding above the roof (pipes, mines, ventilation devices, etc.) are connected to the lightning rods with galvanized steel strip 40x4mm.　

A round galvanized steel is used as the current leads: 0 10 mm, painted in red color vertically in the building columns.　

The grounding circuit is made of galvanized strip T5tapi 40x4mm, laid in the ground around the perimeter of the building (at 0.5-0.7m from the ground level and at 1m from the walls of the building). The ground loop of the reconstructed part is connected to the ground loop of the new residential part. Part of the ground loop is laid on the roof of the parking lot on geotextiles, above waterproofing. The connections of the lightning protection system are made by welding.　The lightning protection work is performed by the construction organization and the scope of work is taken into account in the CJ-RD-EEM section