Environmental protection project for the construction of a building

Our Our design organization developed an environmental protection project for the construction of the BC .

ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

This section considers the environmental justification of design solutions, provides environmental protection measures and activities aimed at ensuring comfortable conditions for visitors of the hotel and office complex and residents of the adjacent development, both during construction and during the operation of the facility.　

Materials of technical inspections of the building as well as field surveys of the area were used in the design. The "List of environmental protection measures" section was developed in accordance with RF Governmental Decree No. 87 "On the contents of the sections of design documentation and requirements for their content".

The work has been executed in accordance with the Federal Law "On Sanitary and Epidemiological Safety of the Population" (No. 52-FZ dated 30.03.1999), Federal Law "On Environmental Protection" (No. 7-FZ dated 10.01.2002), Federal Law "On Air Protection" (No. 96 dated 04.05.1999), and also regulatory documents governing the content of the section.　

CHANGES OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS DURING IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT PROPOSALS

Sustainable use of land resources and protection of the soil cover.　 soil cover protection.

Construction work on the underground part of the building was carried out in the period from 2006 to 2012. Accordingly, open excavation in the construction of the underground part of the building will not be carried out. Construction equipment will be located on asphalted areas of the construction site.　

During the erection of the above-ground part, there is a possibility for temporary storage of building materials on the pavement of the stylobate part of the complex, which excludes the impact on the ground cover. During construction work for laying utilities for the standing building, the existing soil cover will be disturbed in the areas of open excavations and construction equipment. The vegetative layer will be cut and placed in the dump.　

Soil suitable for backfilling shall be transported to a temporary dumping site. Stockpiling of soil on the construction site is excluded. The topsoil shall not be irrigated with oils and fuel when operating internal combustion engines. The prevention of erosion and destruction of adjacent land will be achieved by prohibiting the movement of construction vehicles and motor vehicles outside the access roads.　

Vegetation protection　

During construction work, the existing vegetation cover will be disturbed in the areas of open excavation for laying utilities, as well as in the areas where construction equipment is operating.　

There are no trees and shrubs growing on the projected construction site. Dendrological part of the project). As part of the landscaping and gardening at the site proposed arrangement of lawns with a total area of 132.3 m2. Lawns will be formed on artificially created fertile soil capacity of 20 cm with the introduction of supercompost "Pix".　

Rational use and protection of water bodies.

Calculation of the volume and degree of pollution of surface runoff　

Period of construction works　

The "zero" stage of the building construction, including the construction of the "wall in the ground", excavation of the excavation with the remaining berms, concreting of the central part of the basement slab, the construction of 2 levels of the spreader system made of metal stands with the excavation of the berms, concreting of the rest of the basement slab and the partial erection of underground structures, is currently completed at the site of the design proposal.　

The erection of the building is envisaged by a tower crane. Access road transport will be carried out on existing roads with asphalt coating. Organized removal of surface water will be carried out with the drainage system. Also to protect the construction site from the flow of surface water is arranged drainage system in the form of ditches, flumes, ditches, receiving wells.

Temporary water supply and wastewater disposal systems provide for closed cycles for individual technical needs (washing of construction equipment, car wheels, testing and flushing of engineering networks, etc.).　

Calculation of the volume of surface runoff and the degree of its pollution during the construction period is made in the "List of measures to protect the environment" as part of the design materials agreed by Mosgosekspertiza (positive conclusion).　

Object operation period　

Prediction of the degree of pollution of surface runoff is based on the balance calculations of the volume of runoff and the content of the main pollutants in it. Calculations were performed for the catchment area of the projected construction within the allotted area - 0.5 ha, and within the restoration of landscaping-0.092 ha.　

Use of water resources in the economic activity of the EP

The source of water supply for domestic and fire protection needs of the designed object, both at the stage of construction and at the stage of operation, is the urban water supply network. Wastewater outlet is planned in the city network of fecal sewage with a further withdrawal to the municipal biological treatment facilities.　

Period of construction works.

Temporary in-situ water supply of the construction site is carried out by connecting to the existing city water supply system. The temporary water supply system is designed to meet domestic, industrial and firefighting needs.　

The total water consumption for production needs per day will be 0.11 l/sec, for domestic needs per day - 0.98 l/sec. The total water consumption for the needs of the construction site is 62.8 m / day (1.09 l/sec).　

The flow rate of water for firefighting needs is accepted ON l / s (for Moscow, with the territory of construction up to 50 hectares). Temporary sewage network is connected to the existing sewage system and is designed for 56.45 m / day. (0.98 l / sec).

Sewage is collected in 4 bio-toilets placed in the construction camp. For washing the wheels of dump trucks leaving the construction site, there is a washing station with the installation of a recycled water supply system and wastewater treatment from suspended solids and oil products such as Moidodyr-K.

The water recycling system provides treatment of water from the initial concentrations to the parameters according to the technical capabilities of the installation "Mojdodyr-K".

1. Concentration of contaminants, mg/l:

waste water at the outlet:

- suspended solids - 4500

- by oil products - 200

treated water at the outlet:

- for suspended solids - 200

- for oil products - 20

Pollution in the form of suspended substances goes to the sludge well, oil products - to a special tank. Disposal of pollutants is carried out by CJSC "Moydodyr" or State Enterprise "Promotkhody".

Installations of CJSC EPFK Moydodyr passed a full range of tests and are recommended for widespread use.

Operation of the designed building

The water-supply of the object is provided in conformity with the specification of the Moscow State Unitary Enterprise Mosvodokanal.

The total flow of water from the urban water supply system is 200 m / day, the flow of sewage into the urban network of domestic sewage will be 160 m / day. Unbalance is caused by irrecoverable losses during irrigation of lawns, hard pavement, feeding the cooling and humidifying systems.

Balance of water consumption and water discharge is presented in Table 3.3.3.

Enterprises are equipped with cold and hot water from existing networks. Quality of water used for technological and household purposes meets requirements of GOST 2874-82 "Drinking water. Hygienic requirements and selection rules". Water is supplied to washing tubs and sinks through a mixer.

The composition of pollutants in the wastewater from the projected facility is taken according to SP 30.133.30.2012. Calculation of the concentration of pollutants in wastewater is made by the formula:　

С= Nxc/Q mg/l,

where: N- reduced number of consumers, people.

s - quantity of pollutants per water consumer, g/day, taken according to Table A of SP 30.133.30.2012, recalculated in proportion to water consumption;　

Q - domestic flow rate, 186.8 m7day;

The number of water consumers in accordance with the norms of water consumption is (N):

• office staff 1500　
• Suite users 50　
• hotel staff 35　
• catering staff 60　
• technical staff of the parking lot 24　

Industrial wastewater from the projected catering enterprises with a total number of seats - 390 and productivity of more than 11000 meals / day, the total flow of 140 mU/d, are characterized by the following indicators:

For local treatment of fat-containing waste waters of the public catering enterprises automatic grease traps are provided.

After grease separators industrial waste water is pumped by small-sized sewage unit with a separate outlet to the intrasite network of household sewage

Wastewater treatment facilities (grease traps) are characterized in the table 3.3.7. Wastewater from grease traps is characterized in the chapter 3.6.2 "Wastewater generation control".

Separate sewage networks are provided for sewage disposal from the projected facility:

• domestic - for sewage disposal from sanitary appliances;　
• industrial - from technological equipment;　

Industrial premises are equipped with drains with a slope of the

The industrial premises are equipped with drains with a slope of the floor surface to them. Washing tubs are connected to the sewage system with a gap of at least 20 mm from the level of the receiving hopper. In case of disconnection of hot water in the washing room there shall be backup flow-through water heaters.

The drainage of the wastewater of the designed building will be carried out in accordance with the specifications of MGUP Mosvodokanal № 21-0630/13 from 01.04.2013 in the city network of the faecal sewerage.

Wastewater meets the maximum permissible discharge limits for the city sewerage network and can be treated at the aeration station by biological treatment. Characteristics of the total wastewater flow is presented in Table 3.3.5.

Atmospheric air protection.

Atmospheric air pollution during construction works.

This section evaluates the impact of the construction equipment used in the construction of the projected building on the environment according to the factor of chemical pollution.

According to the construction organization design, the works are carried out in two shifts. The total duration of construction is 40 months. The list of construction machines and mechanisms which are sources of pollutant emission is given in Table 3.4.1.

Table 3.4.1.

The following pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere during operation of road machinery and construction machines:

• nitrogen dioxide;　
• nitrogen oxide;　
• soot;　
• sulfur dioxide;　
• transport hydrocarbons (classified by kerosene and gasoline).　

During electric welding operations using electrodes and gas cutting of metals, emissions to the atmosphere are:

• iron oxide;　
• manganese and its compounds;　
• hydrogen fluoride;　
• carbon oxide;　
• nitrogen dioxide.　

The "wall-in-soil" construction, excavation of the foundation pit excavation leaving berms, concreting of the central part of the basement slab, installation of 2 tiers of the spreading system made of metal push-pull props and excavation of the berm soil, concreting of the rest of the basement slab and partial erection of the underground facility up to 0.000 grade, as well as dismantling of the lower tier of the spreading system were performed in 2006.

Currently, at the bottom of the excavation a reinforced concrete foundation slab with six technological pits is performed and the upper tier of the spreader system is installed. Consequently, the construction works at this stage do not include inorganic dust emissions.

The emission of pollutants into the atmosphere occurs in an unorganized manner during the movement of machinery and equipment on the construction site. Therefore, the construction site is considered as a single unorganized source of pollutant emissions.

Calculation of the mass of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere during construction works.

Calculation of the mass of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere from motor vehicles and road equipment.

Calculation of pollutant emissions during operation of specialized equipment at the construction site was performed using "ATP-Ecologist" software version 3.01.11 dated 5.05.2005, based on the following methodological documents:

• Methodology for Inventory of Pollutant Emissions　

Methodology of Inventory of Air Pollutant Emissions for Motor Transport Enterprises (Calculation Method). Moscow, 1998.

• Methodology of Inventory of Pollutant Emissions.　

Methodology of an Inventory of Pollutant Emissions into the Atmosphere for Automobile Repair Enterprises (by Calculation Method). Moscow, 1998;

• Guidelines for Inventorying Pollutant Emissions into the Atmosphere for Road-Building Enterprises (by Calculation Method, 1998.　

(in Russian). Methodology of an Inventory of Emissions of Pollutants to the Atmosphere for Road-Building Equipment Bases (by Calculation Method). Moscow, 1998.

• Appendix 9 of Appendices Nos. 1-3 to the above methodologies;　
• Methodical Manual for Calculating, Regulating and Controlling Emissions of Pollutants into the Atmospheric Air. Saint-Petersburg, 2005.　

In accordance with recommendations of the Research Institute of Atmosphere ("Methodological Manual on Calculation, Norming and Control of Air Pollutants Emissions".

S.-Pb., 2005) in order to take into account the transformation of initial substances into more toxic ones in calculations of atmospheric pollution it is recommended to separate nitrogen oxides emissions caused by different kinds of motor vehicles and road machinery into their components: nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide.

Transformation coefficients should be taken at the level of the maximum specified transformation (p. 1.5 OND-86), i.e. 0.8 for N02 and 0.13 for N0 of NOx.

Initial data for calculation of maximum and annual pollutant emissions, calculation formulas as well as calculation results in the form of "ATP-Ecologist" program printouts are presented in the Appendices.

Table 3.4.2 shows maximum one-time emissions (g/s) of pollutants from construction equipment, which falls on the period of work in winter and the average annual volume of emissions

Conclusions and recommendations on atmospheric air protection

The calculated impact level of pollutant emissions at the construction site exceeds the permissible level of atmospheric air pollution in Moscow in terms of nitrogen dioxide with regard to the background and will be 1.11 MPCM.R.

Construction works during the worst period of construction works by the factor of atmospheric air pollution have a reasonable expediency and are carried out for a limited period with the minimum required number of technical means at the necessary capacity of machines and mechanisms (according to the PIC).

Taking into account the temporary nature of construction works, it can be stated that the deterioration of atmospheric air quality of the work area during the construction period will be insignificant.

It should be noted that the atmospheric air pollution levels obtained correspond to the most unfavorable meteorological conditions for the dispersion of harmful impurities - maximum air temperature and calm weather conditions. The recurrence of the critical situation underlying the model of calculation of maximum single concentrations is low. Most of the time when construction works are carried out, the atmospheric pollution by harmful impurities during the work of construction mechanisms will be lower than the calculated one.

Thus, the construction works in the area in question, according to the solutions adopted in the PIC and substantiated by this subsection, are permissible and will not result in excessive pollution of atmospheric air.

To prevent excessive pollution of atmospheric air during the construction period it is recommended to:

• strictly adhere to the schedule of use of construction equipment in accordance with the PIC;　
• exclude downtime of machinery with the engine running.　

Pollution of atmospheric air during the operation of the projected facility.

The projected hotel and business complex is designed of buildings:

office. For catering staff offices are designed coffee rooms on each floor and a canteen on the 250 p.m. on the 2nd floor.

The canteen operates on raw materials and semi-finished products. Loading of the canteen is carried out in a closed landing stage on 2 m / locations malotonnazhnom transport.

hotel. On the 2nd floor of the hotel there is a restaurant with 40 seats, which operates on raw materials and semi-finished products. For economic loading mini-hotel provides loading platform on the 1st floor under the canopy. public catering enterprises (2 floors).

Restaurant on 100 p.m. with a mini-bar for residents with a dining room on the first floor;

The loading of the entire catering area is provided at the level of the underground parking lot, there is a debarker designed for 2 m / place. Delivery of goods will be carried out by motor transport type "GAZ 2705".

Collection and temporary storage of MSW and sweepings will be carried out in the loading area, in the container storage room.

The vertical movement of products by 2 cargo elevators r / n 1000 kg each.

For economic loading hotel provides loading area under the canopy of Building B.

Under the buildings is located 2-level parking lot, a total capacity of 299 m / m.

According to the project proposals, the sources of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, will be:

• underground garage with a capacity of 299 m/m.　
• landing stage for 2 m/m in the underground garage.　
• loading area for the mini-hotel on the 1st floor under the canopy of 1 m/m　
• outdoor parking for short-term storage of passenger cars with a capacity of 10 m/seats;　

The main sources of atmospheric air pollution will be motor transport, which is a source of emissions of a wide range of pollutants. In accordance with the current instructive and regulatory documents the following are subject to accounting:

- nitrogen oxides;

- carbon oxide;

- transport hydrocarbons (total);

- sulfur dioxide.

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide have an incomplete summation effect on the human body.

In accordance with the recommendations of the Atmospheric Research Institute ("Methodical Guidebook on Calculation, Norming and Control of Emissions of Pollutants into Atmospheric Air" St. Petersburg, 2005) to account the transformation of substances into more toxic in calculations of atmospheric pollution it is recommended to separate nitrogen oxides into their components: nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide when determining emissions.

Transformation coefficients should be taken at the level of the maximum specified transformation (p. 1.5 OND-86), i.e. 0.8 for NOK and 0.13 for N0 from NOK.

Hydrocarbons emitted into the atmosphere from motor vehicles operating on gasoline should be classified under gasoline (code 2704), on diesel fuel under kerosene (code 2732).

Emissions (emission) of pollutants in open parking lots are not organized, the sources of emissions will be direct territories of parking lots. Emissions from the ventilation systems of the garage and the catering enterprises and the debarker are organized sources.

Calculation of the mass of pollutant emissions from vehicles

Calculation of the mass of the maximum single and gross (annual) emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere from automobiles was made with the help of the software tool "ATP-Ecologist" version 3.01.11 dated 5.05.2005. on the basis of the following methodological documents:

1. Methodology for Inventory of Pollutant Emissions

1. Methodology of Inventory of Emissions of Pollutants into the Atmosphere for Road Transport Enterprises (Calculation Method). Moscow, 1998. Supplement to the methodology.

2. Methodology for Inventorying Pollutant Emissions

Methods of an Inventory of Pollutant Emissions into the Atmosphere for Automobile Repair Enterprises (by Calculation Method). Moscow, 1998.

Source No. 6001 - open general-purpose parking lot for 10 m/m

In accordance with MGSN 5.01-01 "Parking lots of cars" (Appendix 2, p. 1.1) the following parameters of the regime of departure and entry were adopted:

• Prev
• Next